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Myeloma: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Care Options
Understanding Myeloma: Your Guide to Care and Recovery
Persistent tiredness, unexplained bone pain, or changes in your blood count may point to a deep issue affecting your very bone marrow. One possible cause is multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer. With an early diagnosis, you can determine what’s driving your symptoms and treatment and monitoring options you can take.
At Thomson Medical, our haematology team will guide you through your diagnosis, treatment, and long-term care, so you have clarity and support at every stage.
What Is Multiple Myeloma?
Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells, the white blood cells in your bone marrow that normally produce antibodies to help you fight infection. When plasma cells become abnormal, they multiply in excess and produce large amounts of a single protein (sometimes called M-protein). These changes can:
- Reduce the number of healthy blood cells.
- Affect bone strength, leading to pain or fractures.
- Impact kidney function over time.
Myeloma is typically considered a chronic condition. While not usually curable, treatment can effectively control the disease, relieve myeloma symptoms, and support long-term quality of life.
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Do I Have Myeloma? Signs & Symptoms
Multiple myeloma does not always cause noticeable symptoms at first. Some people are diagnosed only after routine blood tests show changes. Symptoms usually appear once the disease begins to affect bones, kidneys, or blood count.
Because these issues can seem unrelated or develop gradually, a persistent pattern is often what prompts further testing.
How Is Myeloma Diagnosed in Singapore?
Diagnosing myeloma requires several steps because blood changes alone do not confirm the condition.
Myeloma Treatment Options
Any type of treatment for myeloma aims to control the cancer, protect organs from further damage, and support your daily function over the long term. Your age and overall health help determine the right treatment plan for you.
In general, treatment paths fall into two groups:
- Transplant-eligible patients may receive a combination of medicines followed by an autologous stem cell transplant (using your own stem cells)
- Transplant-ineligible patients usually receive ongoing drug-based therapy that is well-tolerated over time. This does not mean fewer options; rather, it shifts the focus toward sustainable, long-term disease management. Most patients in this category transition to maintenance therapies that are specifically formulated to be well-tolerated.
Our oncology team closely monitors these treatments to ensure they remain effective while prioritising the patient’s comfort and well-being throughout the journey.
Estimated Cost of Myeloma Treatment in Singapore
The cost of myeloma treatment varies depending on each person’s needs. Key factors include:
- Type and frequency of treatment.
- Imaging, blood tests, and bone marrow assessments needed for monitoring.
- Whether a hospital stay is required.
- Supportive care, such as bone-strengthening medication or infection prevention.
- Insurance and subsidy (MediSave or MediShield) eligibility.
If you have questions about affordability or coverage, our care team can assist you.