Brain MRI Scan: What You Should Know

What is a brain MRI scan?

Brain magnetic resonance imaging, or a brain MRI scan for short, is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses a large magnet, radio waves, and a computer to create detailed images of the brain. It creates images by sending bursts of radio waves into the head, which are then measured by the computer as the signals bounce back.

This imaging test is commonly used to examine brain structures, identify abnormalities, and assist in diagnosing various neurological conditions. To help provide higher clarity and detail, a brain MRI can be performed with or without contrast agents, depending on your clinical need.

Why is a brain MRI done?

A brain MRI is performed to investigate sudden-onset or long-lasting symptoms, such as chronic headaches, dizziness, seizures, or behavioural changes. It helps detect structural abnormalities, injuries, or diseases affecting the brain. Additionally, it can monitor the progression of neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis or assess the effects of trauma.

Another form of brain MRI that can be performed is a functional MRI (fMRI) of the brain, mostly done on people who might have to undergo brain surgery. An fMRI can pinpoint areas of the brain responsible for speech, language, and body movement by measuring metabolic changes that take place in your brain when you perform certain tasks. 

During this test, you may need to carry out small tasks, such as answering basic questions or tapping your thumb with your fingertips. Additionally, there is a type of MRI called magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), which better examines the blood vessels in the brain.

MRI with or without contrast agent

What can a brain MRI detect?

Brain MRIs show the structures inside of your head, including your brain, neural blood vessels, cranial nerves, optic nerves, facial bones, skull, surrounding soft tissues, and more. Thus, it can help diagnose different brain conditions, such as:

1. Stroke and stroke damage

2. Changes associated with ageing (brain volume loss or signal changes in brain tissue)

3. Brain damage or bleeding from traumatic injury

4. Loss of body movement control (ataxia)

5. Brain tumours

6. Developmental anomalies

7. Hydrocephalus, dilatation of fluid spaces within the brain (ventricles)

8. Causes of epilepsy (seizure)

9. Certain chronic conditions, such as multiple sclerosis

10. Eye and inner ear disorders

11. Pituitary gland disorders

When will I need to do a brain MRI?

Your doctor may recommend a brain MRI to determine if you have sustained any damage from a stroke or head injury. They may also recommend a brain MRI if you’re experiencing symptoms that indicate a condition of the brain, such as:

1. Persistent headaches

2. Vision problems

3. Memory loss or confusion

4. Weakness or numbness in limbs

5. Symptoms of stroke or neurological disorders.

Additionally, the brain MRI can provide clearer images of parts of the brain that can't be seen clearly on an X-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan, or ultrasound, making it particularly valuable for finding problems with the pituitary gland and brain stem.

If you’re experiencing any of the above symptoms, don’t hesitate to request an appointment with Thomson Medical. Our specialist will help guide you through the MRI process, answer any questions you may have, and provide you with tailored recommendations.