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Thomson Specialists

Thomson Medical offers convenient access to comprehensive specialist outpatient and surgical care for women, children, and families through Thomson Specialists. Our team is dedicated to addressing your unique needs and providing tailored treatment options. Take control of your health today by booking an appointment at any of our Thomson Specialists clinics and embark on a journey towards improved well-being.

Bringing Comprehensive Specialist Care Closer To You

Thomson Women's Clinic

At Thomson Women’s Clinics, we are committed to providing modern and comprehensive care for women of all ages. Our experienced team of O&amp;G specialists is dedicated to creating a caring environment where your health and well-being are our top priorities. Our specialists provide specialised services on preventive measures, accurate diagnosis, and personalised treatment plans.Whether you need specialised care for women-related conditions or navigating the journey of childbirth, seeking support for family planning and fertility treatments, or requiring compassionate care through menopause, we are here for you.

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Specialists in Women’s Health

We understand that managing your health appointments around work and family commitments can be challenging. For your convenience, we provides women's health consultations beyond standard hours at multiple locations across Singapore.Extended Hours LocationsWhile all 12 of our women's health clinics operate during standard clinic hours, the following locations offer extended consultation times:Northeast<ul><li>Woodleigh: Thursday, 6pm - 9pm</li><li>Sengkang: Tuesday &amp; Friday, 5:30pm - 7:00pm</li><li>Punggol: Tuesday, Thursday &amp; Friday, 12pm - 8pm</li></ul>East<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Tampines: Monday, 7pm - 9pm</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Katong: Wednesday, 10am - 8pm</li></ul>West<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Jurong: Monday &amp; Thursday, 6pm - 9pm</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Bukit Batok: Monday, Thursday &amp; Friday, 6pm - 8:30pm</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Choa Chu Kang: Monday, 6pm - 8pm</li></ul>Thomson Medical is committed to providing accessible healthcare that fits your schedule.

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Thomson Paediatric Centre

At Thomson Paediatric Centres, our unwavering commitment is to treat your child with the same level of care and dedication as we would our own. We provide children's healthcare services to alleviate every parent's concerns and ensure the well-being of our next generation. Our experienced team of Paediatricians is devoted to cultivating a caring environment where your child's health is our top priority.Besides General Paediatrics services, we also offer specialised services in Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology. Our specialist doctors are experienced in areas such as Nutrition, Respiratory, Growth &amp; Development assessment, and Paediatric Urgent Care for babies to young children and adolescents. Trust us to be your partner in safeguarding your child's health and ensuring a compassionate and comprehensive approach to their medical needs.

Specialists in Children’s Health

Our Paediatricians

Please click on the below links for our Paediatricians' availabilities.<table><colgroup data-width='478'><col style="width:41.0042%"/><col style="width:58.99580000000001%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Paediatricians</td><td>Clinic Location</td></tr><tr><td>Dr Ang Ai Tin</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/XcyrrQBgEW35Rw3f6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 1)</a></td></tr><tr><td>Dr Eugene Han</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/odint8UJmba6RBPbA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 4)</a></td></tr><tr><td>Dr Grace Lim</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/obLpwmEFumMjMzRz8" target="_blank">Thomson Specialists (Woodleigh)</a>&nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Dr Kenneth Chua Yong Yeow</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/Kp3TYWxzLXkfkkPYA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Punggol)</a></td></tr><tr><td>Dr Lim Yang Chern</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/7Ex6ra4NmwHQUopS6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Jurong)</a></td></tr><tr><td>Dr Ong Ian</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/78WJoj482r35Af7T9" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Parkway Parade)</a></td></tr><tr><td>Dr Tan Kuanyang</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/odint8UJmba6RBPbA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 4)</a></td></tr><tr><td>Dr Yang Linqi</td><td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/XcyrrQBgEW35Rw3f6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 1)</a></td></tr></tbody></table>Refer to each paediatrician's <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/paediatric-centre/paediatricians-consultation-hours">consultation hours</a> for their availability.

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Latest share price, financial performance, and other materials relevant to investors.Read about our <a href="https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt5a13f1dd33c615fa/651e7a9aecf48b6d54c38b23/TMG-Investor-Relations-Policy-3Sep2020.pdf?branch=uat_release_3" target="_self">Investor Relations Policy</a>For Investor Relations matters, please email us at <a href="mailto:ir@thomsonmedical.com">ir@thomsonmedical.com</a> Thomson Medical Group Limited 101 Thomson Road #20-04/05, United Square Singapore 307591 Tel: +65 6331 0188 Fax: +65 6331 0180

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<table><tbody><tr><td>Stock symbol</td><td>A50.SI</td></tr><tr><td>Listing</td><td>Singapore Exchange </td></tr><tr><td>Financial Year End</td><td>June 30</td></tr><tr><td>Total issued shares as at 30 June 2025</td><td>26,441,066,807 ordinary shares</td></tr><tr><td>Market capitalisation as at 30 June 2025</td><td>S$1.1 billion</td></tr></tbody></table>

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Here to support youFinding out your cervical screening results are abnormal, or receiving a cervical cancer diagnosis, can be overwhelming. That's why our cervical cancer specialists in Singapore are here to provide the care and support you need.At Thomson Medical, our specialists offer thorough screening services, including <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/pap-smear-test-singapore" target="_blank">Pap smears</a>, <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/hpv-test-singapore" target="_blank">HPV testing</a>, and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/colposcopy" target="_blank">colposcopy</a>, to support early detection. If you need further evaluation, we provide diagnostics such as cervical biopsies and imaging scans (MRI, CT, or PET).Your specialist will tailor your treatment to your condition and stage. Options may include surgery (such as trachelectomy or hysterectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. For advanced cases, your specialist may recommend chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) combined with brachytherapy, with fertility-sparing options available where appropriate.Prevention is also part of our care. Thomson Medical offers the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/women-health/gynaecology/hpv-vaccine" target="_blank">HPV vaccines</a> Cervarix and Gardasil 9 for patients up to the age of 45, helping to reduce the risk of cervical cancer.Not sure which cervical cancer specialist is right for you? Our medical concierge team is here to help and answer any questions you may have.

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Cervical Cancer Specialists

Dr Wang Junjie (JJ) is a Senior Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/women-clinic/novena" target="_blank">Thomson Women's Clinic &amp; Cancer Surgery</a> in Thomson Medical Centre, Novena.From 2022 to 2025, he served as Head of the Department of Gynaecological Oncology at KKH, where he oversaw the founding team that established Singapore's first OncoFertility Clinic, which offers fertility preservation options for women undergoing cancer treatment.With over 17 years' experience in clinical services, Dr Wang subspecialises in <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/gynaecology/oncology" target="_blank">Gynaecological Oncology</a>, treating pre-invasive gynaecological conditions and gynaecological cancers, including <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/oncology/uterine" target="_blank">uterine</a>, <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/cervical-cancer" target="_blank">cervical</a>, and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/oncology/ovarian" target="_blank">ovarian cancers</a>. He is also one of the few accredited Gynaecological Cancer Surgeons who can perform <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/minimally-invasive-surgery" target="_blank">minimally invasive surgery</a> for gynaecological cancers, pre-invasive conditions and non-cancerous gynaecological conditions. Furthermore, Dr Wang is also accredited to perform a range of procedures, including:<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Laparoscopic and deep pelvic surgery</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (VNOTES)</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Hysteroscopic surgery</li><li style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/myomectomy-fibroid-removal-surgery" target="_blank">Myomectomy</a></li><li style="text-align: justify;">Ovarian cystectomy</li><li style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/colposcopy" target="_blank">Colposcopy</a></li></ul>Additionally, he also provides general <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/obstetrics-gynaecology" target="_blank">obstetric and gynaecological (O&amp;G)</a> services, including <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/pregnancy/antenatal" target="_blank">antenatal</a> and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/postnatal" target="_blank">postnatal care</a>, early pregnancy care, and the management of various women’s health conditions such as menstrual issues, <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/fibroids" target="_blank">fibroids</a>, and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/ovarian-cysts" target="_blank">ovarian cysts</a>.Dr Wang obtained his Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) from the National University of Singapore (NUS) in 2007. He completed his housemanship at Changi General Hospital and KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), followed by service as a medical officer in the Singapore Armed Forces.He began specialist training in obstetrics and gynaecology at KKH, where he was named Best Registrar during his residency. He subsequently attained Membership of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (MRCOG) and became a board-certified obstetrician and gynaecologist in Singapore upon passing the national exit examinations.In 2018, Dr Wang was awarded the SingHealth Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) Fellowship. This supported his subspecialty training in laparoscopic oncological surgery at Inselspital in Bern, Switzerland, and the Oscar Lambret Cancer Centre in Lille, France.Prior to joining private practice, he was the Head of the Gynaecological Cancer Centre at KKH, the first centre outside the United Kingdom to be recognised by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) as an accredited training centre. In recognition of his contributions, he was admitted as a Fellow of the RCOG (FRCOG).In addition to clinical work, Dr Wang is actively involved in research and medical education. His research interests include sentinel lymph node biopsy and surgical innovation in gynaecological oncology. He has presented at local and international conferences, and his work has been published in peer-reviewed medical journals.Dr Wang holds academic appointments at all three medical schools in Singapore, he is a Clinical Assistant Professor at Duke-NUS Medical School, an Adjunct Assistant Professor at the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (NTU), and a Clinical Lecturer at the Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (NUS). He is also a Physician Faculty Member of the SingHealth Obstetrics and Gynaecology Residency Programme.Additionally, he’s also a Fellow of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, and sits on the Councils of the College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Singapore, and the Obstetrical and Gynaecological Society of Singapore (OGSS), where he contributes to the professional development of the speciality and its educational events.Dr Wang is accredited to perform surgical procedures at Thomson Medical Centre.

Dr Wang Junjie

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Dr Lim Sheow Lei is a Senior Consultant Medical Oncologist who currently practises at the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/cancer-centre" target="_blank">Thomson OncoCare Cancer Centre</a> in Thomson Medical Centre, Novena. She has over 25 years' experience in clinical practice and specialises in medical oncology with a focus on&nbsp;<a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/gynaecology/oncology">gynaecological oncology</a>.Dr Lim provides consultations, diagnosis, and treatment plans for patients with <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/gynaecology/oncology" target="_blank">gynaecological cancers</a> affecting the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/oncology/ovarian" target="_blank">ovaries</a>, <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/cervical-cancer" target="_blank">cervix</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/oncology/uterine" target="_blank">uterus,</a> and vulva. As a medical oncologist, Dr Lim also carries out various assessments to determine the most suitable treatment options, which include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy.Dr Lim graduated from Monash University Medical School in 1996, earning her MBBS. She then completed her specialist medical oncology training in the United Kingdom, obtaining her Membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP) in 2008. Dr Lim also holds an MD in Medical Science from the Institute of Cancer Research in London, where she conducted ovarian cancer epigenetics research.Prior to her current role, Dr Lim was a Senior Consultant at KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), where she was also Head of the Chemotherapy Centre. She was also appointed Adjunct Associate Professor at DUKE-NUS Medical School and Visiting Consultant at the National Cancer Centre Singapore.Dr Lim has contributed to the establishment of treatment protocols, including her work as lead of the Singapore Cancer Network (SCAN) Gynaecological Cancer Workgroup, which developed national treatment guidelines for ovarian and uterine cancers.She has also been involved in the academic world, teaching medical students and mentoring oncology trainees in gynaecological cancers. She has served as Principal Investigator for clinical trials evaluating treatments for gynaecological cancers, and her research has been published in medical journals. Dr Lim participates in scientific discourse at conferences, including presenting at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO).Dr Lim is accredited to perform medical oncology procedures at the Thomson Medical Centre.

Dr Lim Sheow Lei

Dr Timothy Lim Yong Kuei is a Specialist in Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Trinity Women’s Specialist in Thomson Medical Centre in Novena, as well as at the Timothy Lim Clinic for Women &amp; Cancer Surgery on Thomson Road.With over 25 years' experience, Dr Lim offers a wide range of services, with a key focus on <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/laparoscopic-surgery-singapore" target="_blank">laparoscopic surgery</a>, complex <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/gynaecology/urogynaecology" target="_blank">pelvic surgery</a>, and the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/gynaecology/oncology">management and prevention of gynaecological cancers</a>. Dr Lim provides care for women during all stages of life, including <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/antenatal" target="_blank">antenatal care</a> for expectant mothers, and treatment for various gynaecological conditions such as&nbsp;<a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/menstrual-cramps-and-endometriosis">endometriosis</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/fibroids">fibroids</a>, and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/ovarian-cysts">ovarian cysts</a>.Dr Lim graduated from the National University of Singapore in 1998. He subsequently obtained his postgraduate qualifications from the Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in London in 2003. He completed a gynaecological oncology fellowship at KK Hospital in 2006. In 2008, he received the prestigious Health Manpower Development Programme award from the Ministry of Health, which enabled him to undertake training in minimally invasive gynaecological cancer surgery in France. He further enhanced his expertise by obtaining an LLM in Medical Law and Ethics from the University of Edinburgh in 2016.Prior to entering private practice, Dr Lim served as the Head and Senior Consultant Gynaecologist and adjunct Associate Professor of the Department of Gynaecological Oncology at KK Hospital from 2014 to 2019, alongside his position as Deputy Chairman of the Division of O&amp;G. His achievements include pioneering several surgical procedures in Singapore, such as performing the first laparoscopic Wertheim's radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer in 2009 and introducing ICG-NIR sentinel lymph node biopsy for early endometrial cancer in 2015. Notably, he achieved Singapore's first successful pregnancy for a young cervical cancer survivor who underwent fertility-sparing radical trachelectomy in 2015.Beyond his clinical work, Dr Lim has made contributions to medical research and education. He has authored over 40 peer-reviewed papers and served as principal investigator in multiple HPV vaccine clinical trials. His commitment to medical education is reflected in his roles as Associate Professor at various medical schools and his active involvement in professional societies. He served as the Honorary President of both the O&amp;G Society of Singapore from 2019 to 2021 and the Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology of Singapore from 2019 to 2023. His excellence has been recognised through numerous awards, including multiple Outstanding Faculty awards in the Singhealth O&amp;G residency programme.Dr Lim is accredited to perform surgical procedures at Thomson Medical Centre.

Dr Timothy Lim Yong Kuei

Dr Liana Koe is an Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, at STO+G Women's Health Specialists, located in Mount Alvernia Hospital.Dr Koe obtained her medical degree from the National University of Singapore, and trained in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&amp;G) under the SingHealth cluster. She subsequently attained her specialist accreditation in Obstetrics and Gynaecology by the Singapore Accreditation Board (Ministry of Heath), is a member of the Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (UK), and a registered specialist with the Singapore Medical Council.Prior to joining STO+G practice, Dr Koe was a specialist at KK Women's and Children's Hospital. As an Obstetrician, she believes in caring for her patients holistically, with compassion and a listening ear, to deliver the best possible medical care. She strives to create an enjoyable pregnancy journey for her patients and supports mothers in their choice of delivery method, including vaginal birth, vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC), and caesarean sections.Besides managing general gynaecological conditions such as fibroids and cysts, with proficiency in key-hole (laparoscopic) surgery, Dr Koe has a special interest in cervical cancer screening, colposcopy, and treatment of pre-invasive cervical disease, and is a member of the Society for Colposcopy &amp; Cervical Pathology of Singapore (SCCPS).In addition, Dr Koe dedicated her time to nurture current and future generations of doctors as Physician Faculty for SingHealth O&amp;G residents, and Clinical Teacher/Lecturer for the 3 medical schools in Singapore (Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine).Dr Koe is active in clinical research too, having presented research findings at local and international conferences, including Australia, Japan, South Africa, Austria, and France. In 2013, she received the SingHealth Duke-NUS O&amp;G Academic Clinical Programme (ACP) Grant Award for her research on improving osteoporosis screening in menopausal women. Being passionate about the community, she also actively volunteers in overseas on medical trips.Her philosophy as a doctor is to empower patients while supporting their choices and is dedicated to serving her patients with respect and understanding.

Dr Liana Koe

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<img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt9ba1064f4d9e8fbb/680f0aeac98d9b80303c6a26/Doc-profile_abortion-surgeon.png?branch=production" alt="Doc-profile_abortion-surgeon.png" height="auto"/>*Insurance coverage may vary by doctor. To confirm eligibility, please request an appointment with your preferred doctor.

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How much you'll pay depends on the complexity of your treatment and the hospital type you choose. Here's what you can expect:<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Diagnostic procedures (colposcopy or cervical biopsy):<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Public hospital (SGD 300 to 600)</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Private hospital (SGD 1,000 to 3,000)</li></ul></li><li style="text-align: justify;">Standard chemotherapy cycles:<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Public hospital (SGD 3,000 to 5,000)</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Private hospital (SGD 10,000 to 15,000)</li></ul></li><li style="text-align: justify;">Immunotherapy or targeted therapy (per session):<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Public hospital (SGD 2,000 to 4,000)</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Private hospital (SGD 7,000+)</li></ul></li></ul>Public hospitals offer subsidised rates for Singapore citizens and permanent residents. This can make your treatment affordable.

What are the costs of cervical cancer treatment in Singapore?

Several options can help manage the cost of cervical cancer treatment in Singapore:<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Government subsidies reduce costs at public hospitals for Singapore citizens and permanent residents.</li><li style="text-align: justify;">MediShield Life covers hospitalisation and costly outpatient treatments under the national health insurance scheme.</li><li style="text-align: justify;">MediSave allows you to use your medical savings for outpatient cancer treatment and hospital stays.</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Hospital financial counselling helps you plan and manage payments with dedicated support staff.</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Singapore Cancer Society offers financial aid and patient support for those facing a cancer diagnosis.</li></ul>To find out more about the support and financial assistance available to you, please request an appointment with our <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/form/medical-concierge-services" target="_blank">medical concierge team</a>.

What financial assistance for cervical cancer is available in Singapore?

Yes, cervical cancer can often be completely removed, especially when detected early. The success of treatment depends largely on the stage at which the cancer is found.<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">Early-stage cervical cancer:<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">In the precancerous stage or very early stages, abnormal cells can usually be removed completely through procedures like LEEP, cone biopsy, and cryotherapy.</li><li style="text-align: justify;">These procedures are highly effective and often preserve your ability to have children in the future.</li></ul></li><li style="text-align: justify;">More advanced stages:<ul><li style="text-align: justify;">If cancer has spread beyond the cervix, treatment may involve surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.</li><li style="text-align: justify;">Even though the approach becomes more complex at later stages, cervical cancer is still treated.</li></ul></li></ul>

Can cervical cancer be completely removed?

Your chances of conceiving after treatment depend on the type and extent of the treatment you received. Early-stage cervical cancer can sometimes be treated with fertility-sparing procedures such as a trachelectomy, which preserves the uterus.However, more advanced stages, or treatments such as a hysterectomy or radiation therapy, may affect fertility. If preserving fertility is a priority, you should discuss options such as egg or <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/embryo-freezing" target="_blank">embryo freezing</a> before beginning treatment.

Is it still possible to have children after treatment for cervical cancer?

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Breast lumps during pregnancy are very common. The expectant mother will experience many normal physiological changes ― an increase in breast size, more obvious sweat glands around the nipples, a darkening of the areola ― all of which will prepare her body for breastfeeding.Common non-cancerous variations to breasts include hormonal changes (fibrocystic changes), fibroadenomas, cysts, lipomas, accessory (extra) breast tissue. Pregnancy-related breast cancers make up about 3 per cent of all breast cancers.Whenever a pregnant woman feels a lump, she should see a doctor to get their opinion, keeping in mind that most times it will turn out to be nothing serious!<h2>What the doctor will do</h2>When you see the doctor, she will ask details as to how you detected the lump, how long it has been present and if you have detected any changes, so as to get an idea what the lump is likely to be.Next, the doctor will conduct a breast examination to confirm the presence of the lump, and check for any other symptoms such as skin changes or nipple discharge.Most patients will then be recommended to get an ultrasound scan ― this will give additional information as to whether this lump is benign or cancerous. If there is any concern that the lump may be cancerous, your doctor will advise you as to the pros and cons of having a biopsy, which can be done safely even during pregnancy.“If a pregnant women detects a lump, I would advise them to have a thorough consultation and a physical examination, followed by an ultrasound. If necessary, I would then perform a biopsy.”<h2>Breast cancer screening during pregnancy</h2>A screening checks for cancer even when a patient is feeling well and has absolutely no cancer signs or symptoms. For breast cancer screening, most countries, including Singapore, recommend mammogram screening from age 50 onwards. For women who are at higher risk, this may start at 40. Some specialists will recommend a supplementary ultrasound as well.If a pregnant women detects a lump, I would advise them to have a thorough consultation and a physical examination, followed by an ultrasound. If necessary, I would then perform a biopsy.<h2>Screening methods (Mammograms/Ultrasound)</h2>Ultrasound, the same technology used to monitor the baby during pregnancy, is safe and useful in detecting lumps, and to check if it’s solid or cystic. Most specialists do not use ultrasound as a screening method as the majority of such lumps it detects are not cancerous.A diagnostic ultrasound can still be performed safely on pregnant women to assess their breast lump. If a subsequent biopsy confirms a cancer, she may then need a baseline mammogram, after discussing the pros and cons with her doctor. This is because early stage breast cancer may not form a lump yet, but may attract calcium spots, which can be detected using a mammogram. An abdominal lead apron may be used to reduce the baby’s exposure to radiation.<h2>Breast cancer treatment</h2>If the biopsy shows that the lump is non-cancerous (benign), then it may be left alone.However, if the biopsy shows that it is cancerous, the breast cancer treatment protocols will be modified for the expectant woman. Staging* has to be conducted to find out if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, but only with liver ultrasound and chest X-ray. Depending on which trimester of the pregnancy she is in, the breast surgeon, oncologist and the ob-gyn will discuss what is best for the patient and her baby.Chemotherapy may be administered from the second trimester onwards, followed by surgery after she deliver the baby. As such management of the patient’s treatment is complex, it will involve good multidisciplinary care by experienced doctors.*Staging is a way to describe where the cancer is located, how much the cancer has grown, and if or where it has spread.

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Although common breast changes are normal in pregnancy, finding a lump can be worrying. Learn what are the recommended next steps, and when you should worry.

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Breast Lumps During Pregnancy: What to Expect and Do

“It all started with a persistent pain in the left breast, and I was referred by my General Practitioner for a mammogram and ultrasound. Both the mammogram and ultrasound results showed an abnormal lump, and I was further scheduled for a breast biopsy to determine if the lump was benign or malignant. Questions started to fill my mind. What is breast biopsy and how is it performed? And is it painful?”For many patients, pain is a very common symptom and is the most common complaint that brings them to see a doctor. For a small group, there happens to be an abnormal lump found that needs a biopsy. Most times, pain is not a sign of cancer, and any lumps found may not be the cause of the breast pain you experienced.Some of us may face a similar situation when a lump is detected. It is normal to have many questions. This article aims to address some of your preliminary questions while you arrange for a consult with a professional specialist. It is important to seek timely professional diagnosis and treatment.Here’s what you need to know about a breast biopsy and what to expect.<h2>What is a breast biopsy?</h2>A breast biopsy is a process where a small sample of breast tissue is removed through a special biopsy needle. The tissue samples removed from the breast lump will be further examined under a microscope. Typically, the breast biopsy is performed if there is an abnormality detected from your previous mammograms or breast ultrasounds. The goal of the biopsy is to determine what the abnormality is and the best treatment to move forward with.Although ultrasounds and mammograms are useful ways to identify breast lumps, a breast biopsy is the only way to confirm what the lump is. Breast screening is to be done, even if you are well and have no symptoms at all, and annual mammograms should start from age 40.If you experience any symptoms, please see a doctor for early diagnostic imaging tests:<ul><li>Breast lump</li><li>Changes in the colour or contour of the breast or nipple or dimpling of skin</li><li>Discharge from the nipple</li></ul>Most breast biopsies are quick and painless. Many of the breast lumps may turn out to be benign as there are a variety of conditions that can cause lumps in the breast. However, your doctor will usually want to take precautions and order breast screening tests to rule out early <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/breast-cancer" target="_blank">breast cancer</a>.<h2>How to prepare for a breast biopsy?</h2>Before your breast biopsy, you can prepare by informing your breast surgeon if you:<ul><li>Have any allergies</li><li>Are taking any blood-thinning medications</li><li>Have consumed aspirin in the last seven days</li><li>Not able to lie face down for more than an hour</li></ul>You will likely meet with your specialist prior to the procedure. Your doctor would be able to advise you on the procedure and give you advice such as:<ul><li>What type of breast biopsy procedure will be done?</li><li>What is the location of my biopsy?</li><li>Will a part or all of the lump be extracted?</li><li>Will it leave a scar?</li><li>How soon will I receive my results?</li><li>How soon can I resume normal activities?</li><li>What type of anaesthesia will be used?</li></ul>Make sure to wear a sports bra and loose clothing to have ease in dressing after the procedure. You may also want to have a designated driver or someone to accompany you home safely.<h2>What are the different types of breast biopsies and how are they performed?</h2>Once your breast surgeon decides that a biopsy is needed, they will determine the best type of biopsy for your situation. There are a few breast biopsy procedures to obtain samples of a patient’s breast lumps. Your breast surgeon will recommend based on the location, size, and other characteristics of the breast abnormality.Your breast surgeon will take a tissue sample either through a minimally invasive biopsy procedure or surgery. Minimally invasive procedures are ideal because they offer:<ul><li>Less pain</li><li>Less scarring</li><li>Faster recovery time</li><li>Lower risk of infection</li><li>Lower hospital costs</li><li>Able to return to usual activities quickly</li></ul><h3>Ultrasound-guided breast biopsy</h3>This procedure is performed through ultrasound guidance. An ultrasound is a method that utilises high-frequency sound waves to generate precise images.The breast surgeon will locate the lump within the patient’s breasts using the breast ultrasound device before a small incision is made for the biopsy needle to retrieve tissue samples. With an ultrasound-guided breast biopsy, the breast surgeon can identify <a href="https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/breastbius" target="_self">lumps near the chest wall or under the arms</a>.It can be used in conjunction with vacuum-assisted core biopsy, core needle biopsy, or fine needle aspiration biopsy. This ultrasound-guided breast biopsy procedure is also more cost-effective than other methods like open surgical biopsy.<h3>Stereotactic biopsy</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/bltdc27a561fa0c5072/6545217008cc0104077ce311/Stereotactic_Biopsy.jpeg?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>With a stereotactic biopsy, a 3D image of the breast is created from the mammogram results. The doctor uses the image to pinpoint the exact location of the suspected breast lump and guides the needle there. The patient will lay <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/breast-biopsy-stereotactic#procedure" target="_self">facing down on a padded biopsy table</a> with one of the breasts positioned in the hole in the table. The patient’s breast will be compressed with two plates while the biopsy site is located using a targeted mammogram. The breast surgeon or radiologist will then create a small incision into the biopsy site and insert a large core needle to remove tissue samples.<h3>RI-guided core needle biopsy</h3>Instead of using an ultrasound device, a biopsy can be performed under the guidance of an MRI. This imaging device captures cross-sectional images of the breast so that the hollow needle can be guided to the site of the breast lump. This procedure can be used with core needle biopsy, vacuum-assisted core biopsy, or wire localisation.he different types of breast biopsy vary in terms of how invasive the procedure it can be. Your breast surgeon will advise on the procedure that is the best for you.<h3>Open (surgical) biopsy</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt4155c1fcecc004d3/654521990970dd001bd16e10/Open_(Surgical)_Biopsy.png?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>The breast surgeon will remove part or the entire lump. If the lump is small and deep, a very thin needle and a thin wire will be placed inside the breast before the operation to help guide the breast surgeon.Generally, a surgical biopsy is performed in an operating room usually under general <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia" target="_blank">anaesthesia</a>.<h3>Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology</h3>In this procedure, a thin needle attached to a syringe is inserted into the breast lumps. The syringe will collect the sample of fluid or cells from the lump and small tissue samples are removed. Your doctor will advise if this is suitable for you.<h3>Sentinel node biopsy</h3>This procedure removes the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/staging/sentinel-node-biopsy-fact-sheet" target="_self">sentinel lymph node</a> or the first node to which cancer cells are most likely to spread. The surgeon uses blue dye or a radioactive tracer to identify the node. Then, the node is removed and tested for cancer. Cancer could have spread to other lymph nodes if the sentinel node tests positive. However, if it is negative, the likelihood of cancer spreading to other lymph nodes is lower.<h3>Vacuum-assisted core biopsy</h3>This procedure is performed with an ultrasound or mammogram unit and can be seen as an upgraded form of the core needle biopsy. Like the core biopsy, a larger needle is used and allows for several tissue samples to be taken at one time.A probe or hollow tube is inserted into a cut made on the skin. Then, a vacuum-assisted device is used to pull the tissue into the needle while a rotating cutting device takes the sample. Using a suction device is beneficial because it can get more cells and fluid through the needle, which cuts down on the number of times the needle will need to be inserted to retrieve multiple samples.<h2>Benefits and risks of breast biopsy</h2>Before proceeding with breast biopsy procedures, you may want to discuss with the breast surgeon and weigh the benefits and risks to determine the suitable procedure that is right for you. Fortunately, most procedures are less invasive compared to surgical biopsy and some will leave minimal to no scarring. The biopsy results will indicate whether the breast lump is malignant or benign which would either allow you to rest easy or quickly get the treatment that you need.Although these procedures are generally safe, there are some risks involved. Possible complications that can incur from a breast biopsy include:<ul><li>Mild pain and bruising</li><li>Infection</li><li>Prolonged bleeding</li><li>Soreness at the biopsy site</li></ul>Many of these side effects are simply temporary. However, if they persist, contact your <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/find-a-doctor/breast-surgeon-singapore" target="_blank">breast surgeon</a> for treatment. Generally, following the aftercare instructions will greatly reduce these risks and limit the odds of infection.<h2>FAQ</h2><h3>Why is a breast biopsy done?</h3>A breast biopsy can be done for several reasons:<ul><li>To identify any lumps in your breast</li><li>To check for the potential causes of any nipple problems such as bloody discharge</li><li>To evaluate whether the breast lump or breast mass is cancerous or non-cancerous.</li><li>To check the severity of a problem seen from the breast imaging results, such as a fluid-filled cyst or calcium deposits in breast tissue (microcalcifications)</li></ul><h3>How often are breast biopsies positive for cancer?</h3>&gt; 80% of the patients who undergo the biopsy procedure do not have cancer, while only &lt; 20% of breast biopsies are malignant. When the results are negative, the breast lump is benign.<h3>Does a breast biopsy hurt?</h3>The breast surgeon may use local anaesthesia to help numb the biopsy area during the procedure. It may be slightly uncomfortable, but most patients describe it as tolerable. Once the site is numb from the local anaesthetic, one should only feel pressure but no pain from the biopsy.Typically, only local anaesthesia is required. However, general anaesthesia may be used in severe cases, meaning the entire body is numbed.<h3>How long does it take to recover from breast biopsy?</h3>Biopsy procedures do not cause significant pain to your body. However, you may experience some bruising, tenderness, or soreness for a few days after the biopsy procedure. Patients can take non-aspirin pain relievers that contain acetaminophen and apply cold packs to help ease the pain and discomfort. However, it can take longer to recover from surgical removal procedures when compared to nonsurgical procedures.With all breast biopsy procedures, except for the surgical biopsy, you will be able to go home without a patient caregiver. You will likely have bandages and a cold pack over the biopsy site. Most patients can resume usual activities within a day after the procedure.Tell your breast surgeon if you notice the following problems after the biopsy:<ul><li>Pain that gets worse</li><li>Chills or fever</li><li>Swelling, redness, drainage, or bleeding</li></ul><h3>How soon should you expect to receive your breast biopsy results?</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt3ce74f2f0f705f43/654521d254447604077cfdc6/Breast_Biopsy.jpeg?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>Once the procedure is done, the breast tissue samples are sent to the lab. A pathologist will evaluate the samples using specialised tools and then create a report to send to the breast surgeon, who will share the results with you.Generally, it takes a few days before the results are ready. However, it can take as long as two weeks before the test results are available if the lab needs more time to process your specimen.Sometimes a clear diagnosis is not possible based on the sample given. In this scenario, you may need another biopsy performed so that the breast surgeon can obtain more breast tissue for further evaluation.The results will share details about the consistency and size of the breast tissue samples, the location of the biopsy site, and whether there are cancer cells present. If it is malignant, the report will detail the type of breast cancer you have. Based on the findings, your breast surgeon will advise on the next steps for treatment.<h2>Book Your Appointment at Thomson Breast Centre</h2>Prevention is always better than cure! Our clinical team at <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/breast" target="_blank">Thomson Breast Centre</a> offers different services for all <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/breast-screening-mammogram-ultrasound" target="_blank">breast screening</a> needs with the assurance that you will be well taken care of. It is important to detect signs of breast cancer early. The sooner it is detected, the faster the treatment can start. At Thomson Medical, our doctors will evaluate the lump and provide the appropriate tests for diagnosis.Most patients start with a specialist consultation for a personalised clinical breast assessment. We offer a wide range of biopsy procedures, from minimally invasive removal to more advanced surgical options if a biopsy is needed. Book a specialist consultation with Thomson Breast Centre and start your breast health journey today.

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Worried about a breast lump? Don't panic. A breast biopsy is a simple procedure that can help determine if the lump is benign or malignant. Learn more about the process and what to expect from this article.

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Everything You Need to Know About Breast Biopsy

Just as there are skin issues that arise during pregnancy, skin conditions can also develop after you give birth. Fortunately, they are largely treatable, so there is no need to fret – your postpartum skin and hair will bounce back in no time. We take a look at some of the most common conditions.<h2>Acne</h2>Caused by an inflammation in the facial oil glands, acne may be aggravated by hormonal changes. Most of the time, acne clears within a few weeks or months, but medical treatment should be sought to prevent the risk of scarring. There are many topical agents that can be safely used even when breastfeeding. In more severe cases, oral medications such as antibiotics may be required.<h2>Melasma</h2>Also known as “the mask of pregnancy”, this pigmentation condition is due to increased melanin production and is caused by a combination of genetic and hormonal factors, as well as sun exposure. It tends to affect Asian skin more, appearing as brownish patches over the cheeks, forehead, temples, nasal bridge, upper lips and jawline.It is best controlled by avoiding the sun and with regular use of sunscreen, lightening creams and topical agents, although it can persist in some cases. Other treatments include chemical peeling, intense pulsed light therapy and certain forms of laser therapy. Inform your doctor if you are breastfeeding – certain ingredients such as tretinoin and hydroquinone that can be found in some skincare products should be avoided by breastfeeding mums.<h2>Dermatitis/eczema</h2>Eczema or dermatitis is a relatively common yet noninfectious condition, so it will not spread to your baby. Often it is an aggravation of an underlying sensitive skin condition that has been present for some time. For new mothers, it can also develop as a result of excessive water contact due to frequent handwashing.Use moisturiser regularly to soothe inflamed and itchy skin. Topical steroid creams are prescribed to calm inflamed skin and are safe to use even when breastfeeding. Use a gentle soap substitute and continue to moisturise even after the skin rash has settled.<h2>Stretchmarks</h2>Affecting at least 90 percent of pregnant women, stretchmarks are a form of scarring that appear red when fresh, but most will fade to white after delivery. During pregnancy, intensive use of moisturisers may help the condition, and there are specially formulated stretchmark creams on the market that you can continue using after delivery. For more severe cases, dermatologists may prescribe tretinoin cream to use postpartum when you are not breastfeeding. Some skin-tightening laser treatments are safe options to remove stretchmarks even if you are breastfeeding, but these usually require multiple sessions.<h2>Telogen effluvium</h2>This condition results in hair fall that usually occurs about three months after delivery. Though increased hair fall can be distressing to new mothers, it is almost always a self-limiting condition, and you will usually recover within six months. If you notice increased hair fall, consult a doctor to exclude other causes of hair loss (such as low iron levels). Topical medications can be used if you are not breastfeeding.

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Postpartum skin problems like acne, melasma, and stretch marks are common but temporary. Learn how to relieve and prevent the 5 most frequent postpartum skin woes.